|
| Reintroduction of locally extinct species is increasingly applied as a conservation tool for re-establishing species
within their historical ranges. Thus far, this option has however not been investigated for fungi other than lichens.
A large fraction of wood-inhabiting fungal species have declined because of forest loss and fragmentation, in addition
to a decrease in deadwood. Here,we showthe results froman experiment carried out in southern Finland,
which demonstrates that inoculation is an effective method for reintroducing threatenedwood-inhabiting fungi.
All selected red-listed fungal species successfully established in the inoculated logs as mycelia, and three out of
the seven produced fruit-bodies. Success rate was greater when the strains were inoculated in early-decay
logs, including species that usually fruit in late decay stages. Inoculation can provide an effective tool for
reintroducing fungal species, as the source populations remain intact and it is possible to produce massive
amounts of inoculation-units with relatively low cost. Reintroductions of fungi should however be preceded by
a risk assessment of the species to be reintroduced, by using source populations from nearby localities, and
they should be considered complementary to the primary target of increasing the amount of their habitat. Our
results suggest that the reintroductions of threatened fungi via inoculation in combination with other conservation
measures can have important bearings for forest conservation and restoration. | |
|